Haryana Forest Flora
A Comprehensive Database of Ligneous Plants of Haryana (India)
Designed & Developed by Bioinformatics Centre,Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
| Family: Burseraceae | Genus: Commiphora | Species: Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari( गुग्गुल, गुग्गुलु ) |
Habit |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
Bark |
|
|
| Synonym | Commiphora roxburghii (Stocks) Engl., Commiphora mukul (Hook.) Engl. | Flower Color | Red - Pink |
| Common Name | Guggul, Guggulu, Guggal | Flower Type | Solitary |
| English / Trade Name | Indian bdellium, Mukul myrrh tree | Flowering Period | Jan-March |
| Vernacular /Local Name | Guggul, Guggulu, Guggal | Fruiting Period | April-June |
| Altitude | Upto 1000 m | Fruit Type | Drupe |
| Habit | Shrub | Fruit Details | Fruit up to 1 cm long, red when ripe, marked with 2 white longitudinal lines (or grooves), mucronate; mesocarp yellow, rarely orange, 4 lined and fused at the base; epicarp dehiscing from the base upwards on maturation. . |
| Habitat | The growth is vigorous in the soils, which have moisture-retaining capacity. | Bark Type | Exfoliating |
| Distribution | Arid, rocky tracts of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Mysore States of India, and the Sindh and Baluchistan States of Pakistan. | Bark Details | Bark shiny, ash to yellowish white coming off in rough flakes exposing the greenish underbark, which also peels off in thin papery rolls. |
| Distribution in Haryana | Bhiwani, Faridabad, Fatehabad, Gurgaon, Hisar, M. Garh, Mewat, Palwal, Rewari, Sonepat | Origin | Native |
| Leaf Type | Simple | ||
| Leaf Arrangement | Alternate (leaves born singly along stem) | ||
| Leaf Shape | Obovate | ||
| Description of Species | Shrubs up to 4 m tall; branches aromatic, thorny and knotty with papery bark. Leaves sessile, alternate or fascicled, 1-3-foliolate. Plants dimorphic, one having bisexual and male flowers, and the other having female flowers with staminodes. Bisexual and male flowers sessile, 3-5 mm long, usually red, sometimes pinkish white. Bracts 2, opposite, glandular hairy. Calyx fused basally with the disc; tubular or urceolate, 1-2 mm long; lobes usually triangular, valvate, glandular hairy outside. Petals reflexed, acute, 3-5 mm long, c. 1 mm broad. Stamens 8, very rarely 10, 3-5 mm long, free, alternately short and long, included, sometimes equalling the petals. Disc conspicuous, toothed; shorter stamens inserted alternately in deeper sinuses. Ovary 2-loculed with sessile 2-lobed stigma. Fruit up to 1 cm long, red when ripe, marked with 2 white longitudinal lines (or grooves), mucronate. | Leaf Details | Leaves sessile, alternate or fascicled, 1-3-foliolate; leaflets glabrous, the terminal sessile or subsessile, obovate, serrate (sometimes serrate only towards the apex), 1-5 cm long, 0.5-2.5 cm broad, lateral when present sessile, serrate or entire, less than half the size of the terminal leaflet. |
